Saturday, March 25, 2006
Notes for Tuesday, March 28
Pragmatism, the Analytic Tradition, and the Phenomenological Tradition and its Aftermath. (The 20th century.) James, Dewey.
William James (1848-1910)
Brother of well-know American (but oh so British) novelist Henry James. Pragmatism, a development of the thinking of the logician and semiologist Charles Sanders Peirce (pronounced "purse"). Three theories of truth: coherence, correspondence, and pragmatic. The latter tends to equate truth with what makes a difference, and "works." The "tough-minded" vs. the "tender-minded."
James Dewey (1859-1952)
His thought developed in the context of politics, education and morality. The role of consciousness in the evolution of animal life. Habit vs. thought. Thought is a "response to the doubtful as such." Thinking as deferred action. Critique of traditional epistemologies: "spectator theory of knowledge." Knowledge should be instrumental: problem-solving. Dewey's influence on education in the United States. Learning through doing. Art as experience is perhaps his finest work.